Strategic Human Resource Management The Pharmaceutical...

STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PART A – THE CHEMIST WAREHOUSE SEEMA VARMA 17711030 The Pharmaceutical industry is passing through a very challenging period in its evolution with the traditional approaches to conducting pharmaceutical research and development being increasingly challenged (Piachaud 2004, pg.xii). Successful pharmaceutical organizations have recognized the need to effectively leverage resources and so have come to rely on the wealth of expertise provided by specialist external suppliers, such as The Chemist Warehouse (Piachaud 2004, pg.xii). This essay will provide a short background to the nature and trends of the industry, administrative performance within the organization, including†¦show more content†¦The industry’s level of competitiveness is distinguished by a framework of decision making and payment (Guha, Lacy, Woodhouse 2007, p. 6). Specific drugs consumed by patients to treat particular conditions is mainly performed by physicians. Without consent, pharmacists are prohibited from substituting different branded drugs within the same therapeutic category (Guha, Lacy, Woodhouse 2007, p. 6). However, alterations for generic equivalents of prescribed medicines may be allowed if authorized. Furthermore, most patients share the costs of consuming prescription drugs with insurance plans, to which insurers and pharmacy benefit managers (‘PBMs’) can influence drug choice through the co-payments they charge their members (Guha, Lacy, Woodhouse 2007, p. 6). It is within this framework, price competition among trademarked medications arise at the level of insurers and pharmacy benefit managers, to which medical prescriptions are used to encourage purchasing behavior (Guha, Lacy, Woodhouse 2007, p. 6). In other words, depending on the prices paid by patients and insurers, companies compete via reimbursement in exchange for their products to be positioned more favorably. Other methods of brand competition include medications contesting through promotions that undertake a variety of procedures. Due to physicians being responsible for prescribing drugs, sales representatives of featured drug

Analysis of Secure Real Time Transport Protocol on Voip over Free Essays

string(125) " experiments will receive two types of modes: i\) one-to-one call conversation; ii\) multi conference call \(many-to-many\)\." Mohd Nazri Ismail / (IJCSE) International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering Vol. 02, No. 03, 2010, 898-902 Analysis of Secure Real Time Transport Protocol on VoIP over Wireless LAN in Campus Environment Mohd Nazri Ismail Department of MIIT, University of Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), MALAYSIA mnazrii@miit. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Secure Real Time Transport Protocol on Voip over or any similar topic only for you Order Now unikl. edu. my Abstract- In this research, we propose to implement Secure Real Time Transport Protocol (SRTP) on VoIP services in campus environment. Today, the deployment of VoIP in campus environment over wireless local area network (WLAN) is not considered on security during communication between two parties. Therefore, this study is to analyzed SRTP performance on different VoIP codec selection over wired. We have implemented a real VoIP network in University of Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), Malaysia. We use softphone as our medium communication between two parties in campus environment. The results show that implementation of SRTP is able to improve the VoIP quality between one-to-one conversation and multi conference call (many-to-many). In our experiment, it shows that iLBC, SPEEX and GSM codec are able to improve significantly the multi conference (many-to-many) VoIP quality during conversation. In additional, implementation of SRTP on G. 711 and G. 726 codec will decrease the multi conference (many-to-many) VoIP quality. Keywords- Codecs, Softphone, SRTP, WLAN I. INTRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKS University of Kuala Lumpur (UniKL) has implemented a real VoIP over wireless LAN in campus environment. This implementation is not covered any security features. Therefore, the objective of this study is to enable the security function using Secure Real Time Transport Protocol (SRTP). We will study the performance of SRTP on different codec such as G. 711, G. 726, GSM, iLBC and SPEEX. iLBC is a speech codec developed for robust voice communication over IP, it uses 13. 33 Kbps. It provides low delay and high packet loss robustness for low-bit rate codec’s. SPEEX codec is open source patent-free audio compression format designed for speech. Codec is an algorithm used to encode and decode the voice conversation. Secure Real Time Transport Protocol (SRTP) defines a profile of Real Time Transport Protocol (RTP), intended to provide ncryption, message authentication and integrity and replay protection to the RTP data in both unicast and multicast applications. Previous work is to evaluate the trade-off existing between quality of service and security when SRTP [6] is employed to protect RTP (Real Time Protocol) sessions on VoIP calls [5]. There is no such study has been conducted on comparison of VoIP one-to-one call and multi conference call (many-to-many) perfo rmance using SRTP functionality. With its promise of inclusion, innovation, and growth, VoIP also brings challenges. VoIP is not easy to secure. It suffers all of the problems associated with any Internet application, and VoIP security is complicated by its interconnection to the PSTN. A host of trust, implementation, and operational complexities make securing VoIP particularly complex. In fact, the same aspects that make the VoIP software model so powerful—its flexible, open, distributed design—are what make it potentially problematic [7][8]. Various security requirements have to be met to secure VoIP transmission: Authentication, Privacy and Confidentiality, Integrity, Non repudiation, Non replay and Resource availability [9]. The threats faced by a VoIP are similar to other applications including: unwanted communication (spam), privacy violations (unlawful intercept), impersonation (masquerading), theft-of service, and denial-of-service [10]. II. METHODOLOGY We have setup a real wireless network environment to analyze and measure implementation of VoIP service using security function (SRTP) at University of Kuala Lumpur (UniKL) in Malaysia. This study posits several research questions: i) what is the STRP performance level of the VoIP over WLAN based on one-to-one call and multi conference call? nd ii) which codecs are able to provide better improvement of VoIP conversation? Figure 2. 1 and Figure 2. 2 show the flow of VoIP conversation call between one-to-one and multi conference. We measure our voice quality using human perception. Mean Opinion Score (MOS) technique is the best approach to measure and ISSN : 0975-3397 898 Mohd Nazri Ismail / (IJCSE) International Journal on Computer Science and Engineer ing Vol. 02, No. 03, 2010, 898-902 validate voice quality between one-to-one call and multi conference call. Figure 2. 3 shows the measurement of VoIP performance over WLAN using SRTP implementation. We also test on different codecs selection such G. 711, G. 726, GSM, iLBC and SPEEX. III. ANALYSIS AND RESULTS Figure 2. 1: VoIP over One-to-One Conversation This section measures and compares VoIP performance over WLAN using SRTP function. In voice and video communication, quality usually dictates whether the experience is a good or bad one. Besides the qualitative description we hear, like ‘quite good’ or ‘very bad’, there is a numerical method of expressing voice and video quality. It is called Mean Opinion Score (MOS). MOS can be tested using: i) human perception; ii) simulation model; and iii) automated system [1] [2]. MOS gives a numerical indication of the perceived quality of the media received after being transmitted and eventually compressed using codecs. MOS is expressed in one number, from 1 to 5, 1 being the worst and 5 the best. MOS is quite subjective; as it is based figures that result from what is perceived by people during tests (refer to Table 3. 1). We will select five different users to evaluate and rate the VoIP performance using SRTP and without SRTP functionality. When users cannot get a dial tone or there are excessive delays in ringing the other party’s phone, VoIP performance is unacceptable. Call quality is a function of packet loss rate, delay, and jitter is typically represented as a MOS [3], [4]. Table 3. 1: Mean Opinion Score (MOS) Ratings Mean Opinion Score (MOS) Ratings Excellent 5 (Perfect. Like face-to-face conversation Figure 2. 2: VoIP over Many-to-Many (Multi Conference) Conversation Good Fair Poor Bad or radio reception) 4 (Fair. Imperfections can be perceived, but sound still clear. This is (supposedly) the range for cell phones) 3 (Annoying) 2 (Very annoying. Nearly impossible to communicate) 1 (Impossible to communicate) Figure 3. shows the configuration of codec protocol such as G. 711, G. 726, GSM, iLBC and SPEEX. This 3CX softphone is able to active ‘Echo Cancellation’ and ‘SRTP’. The VoIP experiments will receive two types of modes: i) one-to-one call conversation; ii) multi conference call (many-to-many). You read "Analysis of Secure Real Time Transport Protocol on Voip over" in category "Essay examples" Figure 3. 2 shows the result of VoIP one-to-one conversation. Figure 3. 3 shows the result of VoIP multi conference (many-to-many) call. Figure 2. 3: Measurement and Evaluation of VoIP over WLAN using SRTP Approach ISSN : 0975-3397 899 Mohd Nazri Ismail / (IJCSE) International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering Vol. 2, No. 03, 2010, 898-902 improvement on VoIP quality performance and at the same time able to provide element of security (refer to Table 3. 3 and Figure 3. 5). The significant improvement is GSM and SPEEX codecs after implemented SRTP. Table 3. 2: Multi Conference without SRTP User Codec Figure 3. 1: 3CX Softphone Codec and SRTP Configuration G. 711 G. 726 GSM iLBC SPEEX User 1 3 4 1 2 5 User 2 3 3 1 2 4 User 3 2 3 1 3 4 User 4 3 4 1 2 4 User 5 2 4 1 2 5 Figure 3. 2: One-to-One Call Conversation Result Figure 3. 4: Users Rate VoIP for Multi Conference Call Without SRTP Table 3. : Multi Conference with SRTP User Codec G. 711 G. 726 GSM iLBC SPEEX Figure 3. 3: Multi Conference Call ( many-tomany) Conversation Result Most of the users agreed and rates this VoIP without SRTP will provide a good quality for G. 711 and G. 726 codecs. Other users agreed and rates 4 to 5 ratings for SPEEX codec without using SRTP during multi conference conversation (refer to Table 3. 2 and Figure 3. 4). After implemented SRTP on VoIP during multi conference session occurs, it shows some User 1 2 3 4 5 5 User 2 1 3 4 5 5 User 3 1 2 3 4 5 User 4 2 2 3 4 5 User 5 1 2 3 4 5 ISSN : 0975-3397 900 Mohd Nazri Ismail / (IJCSE) International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering Vol. 02, No. 03, 2010, 898-902 Table 3. 5: One-to-One Call with SRTP User Codec G. 711 G. 726 GSM iLBC SPEEX User 1 2 3 2 4 5 User 2 1 3 2 4 4 User 3 1 2 2 4 5 User 4 2 2 2 4 4 User 5 2 3 2 4 5 Figure 3. 5: Users Rate VoIP for Multi Conference Call With SRTP Most of the users agreed and rates this VoIP oneto-one call without SRTP will also provide low quality for G. 711, G. 726 and GSM codecs. Other users agreed and rates 3 and 5 ratings for iLBC and SPEEX codecs without using SRTP during one-to-one call (refer to Table 3. and Figure 3. 6). After implemented SRTP on VoIP during one-to-one session occurs, it shows significant improvement on VoIP quality performance for G. 711, G. 726, GSM, iLBC and SPEEX over WLAN (refer to Table 3. 5 and Figure 3. 7). Table 3. 4: One-to-One Call Without SRTP User Codec G. 711 G. 726 GSM iLBC SPEEX User 1 2 1 2 3 5 User 2 2 2 2 3 4 User 3 2 1 2 4 4 User 4 1 1 1 3 4 U ser 5 1 2 2 4 4 Figure 3. 7: Users Rate VoIP for One-to-One Call with SRTP Figure 3. 8 and Figure 3. 9 show the average MOS score for VoIP conversation over one-to-one call and multi conference call (many-to-many), respectively. VoIP Conversation over Multi Conference Call: Before implemented SRTP, the average MOS score for G. 711 is 2. 5, 3. 5 for G. 726, 1 for GSM, 2. 1 for iLBC and 4. 5 for SPEEX. After implemented SRTP, the average MOS score for G. 711 and G. 726 are decreased the ratings approximately 1 to 2. 5. GSM, iLBC and SPEEX codecs show the average MOS score are 3. 5, 4. 5 and 5. GSM, iLBC and SPEEX codec show the increasing of VoIP performance after implemented SRTP (refer to Figure 3. 8). VoIP Conversation over One-to-One Call: Before implemented SRTP, the average MOS score for G. 711 is 1. , 1. 4 for G. 726, 1. 8 for GSM, 3. 5 for iLBC and 4. 2 for SPEEX. After implemented SRTP, the average MOS score shows the significant improvement for G. 711, G. 726, GSM, iLBC and SPEEX codecs. Therefore, implementation of SRTP can improve the VoIP quality performance for one-to-one call over WLAN (refer to Figure 3. 9). Figure 3. 6: Users Rate VoIP for One-to-One Call without SRTP ISSN : 0975-3397 901 Mohd Nazri Ismail / (IJCSE) International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering Vol. 02, No. 03, 2010, 898-902 dependency conditions that could influence voice quality. Future work, we will extend our experiment on VoIP over VPN implementation in Campus environment. References [1]. Moura N. T. ; Vianna B. A. ; Albuquergue C. V. N; Rebello V. E. F Boeres C. â€Å"MOS-Based Rate Adaption for VoIP Sources†. IEEE International Conference on Communication, pp. 628-633, 2007. [2]. Masuda M. Ori K. â€Å"Delay Variation Metrics for Speech Quality Estimation of VoIP†. Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEIC) Technical Report, Vol. 101(11), pp. 101-106, 2001. [3]. R. G. Cole J. H. Rosenbluth. â€Å"Voice over IP Performance Monitoring†. SIGCOMM Computer Communication Rev. Vol. 31(2), pp. 9-24, 2001. [4]. L. Ding R. Goubran. â€Å"Speech Quality Prediction in VoIP Using the Extended e-Model. Global Telecommunication Conference, GLOBECOM ’03. IEEE, Vol. 7, pp. 3974-3978, 2003. [5]. Alexandre P. ; Edjair M. ; Edjard M. â€Å"Analysis of the Secure RTP Protocol on Voice over Wireless Networks using Extended MedQoS†. Proceedings of the 2009 ACM symposium on Applied Computing, pp. 86 – 87, 2009. [6]. M. Baugher, D. McGrew, M. Naslund, E. Carrara, K. Norrman. â€Å"The Secure Real- Time Transport Protocol (SRTP)†. RFC 3711 (Proposed Standard), March 2004. [7] Douglas C. Sicker Tom L. VoIP Security: Not an Afterthought†, FEATURE: Q focus: Voice Over IP, Vol. 2(6), pp. 56-64, 2004. [8] Vesselin I. , Theodor T. , Amdt T. â€Å"Experiences in VoIP telephone network security policy at the University of Applied Sciences (FHTW) Berlin†, Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Computer systems and technologi es, Bulgaria, Vol. 285(3), 2007. [9] Wafaa B. D. , Samir T. , Carole B. â€Å"Critical vpn security analysis and new approach for securing voip communications over vpn networks†, Proceedings of the 3rd ACM workshop on Wireless multimedia networking and performance modelling,Chania, Crete Island, Greece, pp. 2-96, 2007. [10] Nekita A. C. , Chhabria S. A. â€Å"Multiple design patterns for voice over IP security†, Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Control, Mumbai, India, pp. 530 – 534, 2009. Figure 3. 8: VoIP Conversation over Multi Conference Call over WLAN Figure 3. 9: VoIP Conversation over One-to-One Call over WLAN IV. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK Based on the results, implementation of SRTP using GSM, iLBC and SPEEX codecs are able to generate high quality of VoIP conversation WLAN for one-to-one conversation and multi conference call (many-to-many). After implemented SRTP for multi conference call (many-to-many), the MOS result indicates that G. 711 and G. 726 codec will decrease the performance of VoIP conversation over WLAN. Overall of our finding, it confirms that enable SRTP will improve and increase the quality of one-to-one VoIP conversation and VoIP over multi conference call (only for iLBC, GSM and SPEEX codecs). Since the manual/human MOS tests are quite subjective and less than productive in many ways, there are nowadays a number of software tools that carry out automated MOS testing in a VoIP deployment. Although they lack the human touch, the good thing with these tests is that they take into account all the network ISSN : 0975-3397 902 Copyright of International Journal on Computer Science Engineering is the property of Engg Journals Publications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder’s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. How to cite Analysis of Secure Real Time Transport Protocol on Voip over, Essay examples

In the Blink of an Eye free essay sample

Within a merely a few seconds not much could happen. You may blink or turn your head, but also, within those few seconds, someone’s life could abruptly end. Not many people realize how short and precious our lives are on this earth; people often disregard death because they do not want to think about the inevitable. I had been one of these people until about five years ago, when a man in his late forties had his life taken away from him. His name, to me, was Uncle Mangold, although he had really only been a close family friend. Uncle Mangold was the kind of man that everybody loved after having just one conversation with him. He loved to sing with his family and friends and I will never forget dancing around the room with him and feeling elated. He had a joy in him that people loved, and he never had anything bad to say about anyone. We will write a custom essay sample on In the Blink of an Eye or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This joy that he had came from his faith, he had become a strong Christian man throughout years of fighting and heartbreak. He had been a great example for everyone around him. One day, it had only been drizzling as Uncle Mangold was driving home. Turning a corner, his car hydroplaned and flipped over multiple times. He and his friend, who had been sitting in the front seat, were able to crawl out of the car with the help of some witnesses of the crash, and just a few minutes later, the car exploded leaving Uncle Mangold severely injured. Days went by, and his friends and family went to visit him, but I did not. I had been afraid to see him in so much pain, so I decided to wait until he had recovered a little. Just a few days later that week Uncle Mangold passed away from the intense surgeries he had undergone, and internal bleeding from the crash. My heart was broken, and although I can never truly forgive myself for not going to see him one last time, I took so much away from th at experience. I realized that life is too short to wait, or worry about the little details. If we love someone, we should let them know before it is too late, we should live every day like it is our last, and we should leave this earth with no regrets. Uncle Mangold taught me how to serve the Lord and live my life for Him and how to love people unconditionally. He opened my eyes to the fact that although we may not be friends with everyone, hating them will not get us anywhere in life. Disliking people takes joy out of you, and Uncle Mangold taught me that in order to have joy you must love with all of your heart and never take life for granted. Uncle Mangold was and forever will be my hero and the perfect example for life.

Mesolithic era Essay Example

Mesolithic era Paper It is thought too that the women, while the males were out hunting the animals- collected berries and other wild shrubs to cook with the meal as part of their diet. Thus, Mesolithic eating habits would not have had a significant impact on the landscape of Ireland. In contrast, Neolithic people are known as the first farmers in Ireland. It is wrong to think that Mesolithic people discovered farming and then became Neolithic people; rather Neolithic ways of life began to spread to Ireland from settlers across the sea and brought this new way of life with them. Neolithic folk were involved in cultivating the land they lived on and grew crops and vegetation as a food source, they still hunted and gathered in berries and nuts but now their diet was supplemented on a regular basis by the produce of their crops, and by the domesticated animals they kept such as pigs, sheep, cattle and hunting dogs. Evidence from Cashelkeelty, County Kerry, suggests that this happened between 3900BC and 3000BC http://www. wesleyjohnston. com/users/ireland/past/pre_ norman_history/neolithic_age. html. Findings around Neolithic sites, which have been excavated, have provided evidence of a new technology as described by J. P. Mallory T. E. McNeill; they go on to say There was also a new technology that has been especially developed for this new agricultural economy. The first farmer colonists introduced their own variety of polished stone axes for clearing away forests, flint tools for harvesting their crops, grinding stones for processing the cereal, and pots made from clay to assist in cooking and serve as containers. We will write a custom essay sample on Mesolithic era specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mesolithic era specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mesolithic era specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Even the tools used for hunting changes as these early farmers brought their own type of flint arrowheads and javelins, and now that there was easy access to animals whose hides were particularly useful to man, we begin to find abundant evidence for flint scrapers. (1991. P. 30. ) Such dramatic changes to diet brought would have brought about significant changes to the physical landscape of Ireland; people were now starting to cut away areas of woodland so they could cultivate the land for farming and building their settlements. The effects of this are evident today, with the creation of blanket bogland throughout Ireland and particularly around areas where Neolithic artefacts are discovered. Ireland has 12,000 kmi of bogland, consisting of two distinct types, blanket bogs and raised bogs. Blanket bogs are the more widespread of the two types. They are essentially a product of human activity aided by the moist Irish climate. Blanket bogs formed on sites where Neolithic farmers cleared trees for farming. As the land so cleared fell into disuse, the soil began to leach and become more acidic, producing a suitable environment for the growth of heather and rushes. The debris from these plants accumulated and a layer of peat formed. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Geography_of_Ireland#Bogs. The continuous falling debris has caused these bogs to grow and an example of the height to which they have grown is all too evident in the Ceide Fields, located in North County Mayo. Thus, most of Irelands upland peat bogs (although not the lower ones are actually features inadvertently created by Neolithic farmers). In relation to housing Mesolithic people did not build permanent settlements, this was due to their way of life, being from a hunter-gatherer culture, these individuals tended to be nomadic, moving from season to season, going where the food was. During the summer and early autumn months it is thought that these people settled beside coastal areas- were it was cooler and throughout the winter and spring they settled more inland, taking refuge and protection from the weather amongst the dense woodland. There is no absolute evidence for these assumptions however; tools from the Mesolithic era have been located around or close to coastal areas. The Curran (Near to present day Larne, County Antrim) is a raised beach where archaeologists have found thousands of flint tools, and in County Offaly, archaeologists uncovered evidence of a Mesolithic settlement at Lough Boora. Neolithic peoples contributed to the changing of the landscape through the settlement dividing which are evident in the Ceide Fields of northern County Mayo. The Ceide Fields are a series of stone field boundaries discovered preserved under peat on the edge of a cliff in Mayo. At the time, they were made; the climate would have allowed them to grow crops there, although today it is a bog. It would be on this land, beside that which they cultivated that their dwellings would be built. Neolithic settlers built more structured and permanent buildings for settlement than the Mesolithic. A Neolithic house was rectangular and made either from tree trunks sunk vertically into the ground or from woven branches covered with mud. A large beam leaning against the ridge of the roof supported the gables at each end. The roof itself was made from timber beams with reed thatch covering it. A small hole in the roof allowed smoke to escape because, unlike the Mesolithic Irish, the Neolithic farmers lit their fires and cooked indoors. We know what these houses looked like because, although most of the wood itself has gone, the post-holes have survived and engineers can thus determine the houses structure. http://www. wesleyjohnston. com/users/ireland/past/pre_norman_ history/neolithic_age. html.

Anthropology is a discipline that systematically Essays

Anthropology is a discipline that systematically Essays "Anthropology is a discipline that systematically studies human culture and the evolutionary dimensions of human biology." It let us help to get information about humans with their past and present. Anthropology relates to other dimensions of studies such as biological science and physical science to get the understanding of human history and cultures. It is also a study of the biological human with their physical elements. Anthropology is studied under four main subfields; Cultural Anthropology, Archeology, linguistic Anthropology and Biological anthropology. "Cultural anthropology is a subfield of anthropology concerning itself primarily with contemporary societies, their belief systems, and social behavior." A Cultural anthropologist studies human through ethnography which is a "written anthropological description of a culture produced by a researcher conducting field research in that culture." It is based upon face-to-face interviews and is conducted in a native language. Archeology is the subfield of anthropology studying the lifestyles, history, and evolution of societies by examining their remaining artifacts." It is studied through "scientific recovery, analysis, and interpretation of the physical artifacts left by the former societies." Archeologist does not excavate field sites randomly to collect artifacts instead it is done through "systematically for a specific purpose." Linguistic anthropology is "the subfield of anthropology dealing with languages, their diversity, and connections, as well as the interface between language and culture. It examines such diverse topics as the relationship between language and brain function, how language changes change, links between language and human behavior." Biological anthropology "explores the study of human biology within the framework of evolution and highlights the relationship between biology and culture." "Biological anthropology looks atHomo sapiensas a genus and species, tracing their biological origins, evolutionary development, and genetic diversity." Anthropologists want t know why things happen. For example, we know how communicable diseases are spread but we may not know why they spread? Anthropologists use various methods to find out the answers. Such as Observational Methods allowing the investigator to "obtain knowledge about the group being studied without interfering with their privacy too much." Interviews and Questionnaires This group of methods gives emphases on "community interaction through the medium of language." Participant Observation is an anthropological fieldwork method for collected research. It needs the anthropologist participate in the culture they are researching as well as observing it. The information obtained is then recorded and reproduced upon to gain further vision into the culture being studied or the question being asked by the researcher. Life Histories is a term used to explain when a person expresses their whole life experience, usually starting from the beginning to the present. Participator y Approach method involves full participation of the researcher with their "subjects or community they are studying." Development is an "illusive term to describe" as it depends upon the various point of view to explain, but here in anthropology development is "concerned with social and economic development" in reference to "human needs and capital." Anthropology involves a thought of all aspects of people's social, economic and cultural life with the social behaviors of the community. Anthropology not only involves the people of given community and the ways they live but also how it is "affected on the global level and also identifies the interrelationships that exist between different aspects of people's lives." Anthropologists are conscious about human societies, and the significance of their cultural diversity and biodiversity, their varied ways of empowering people through a sense of community. Likewise, anthropologists are also conscious about health conditions, nutrition, and child's education that are in worst condition nowadays. In conclusion, an anthropological perception on human development is studying the existing political and economic theology of globalization. Anthropology helps us grow intellectually to shape a good social institution letting us know who we are. We can learn a lot about ourselves and the entire elements related to us which helps to bring a real change. Sources: Strada, M. J. (2009).Through the Global Lens An introduction to the Social Sciences(Third ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.

JetBlue Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

JetBlue - Assignment Example Examples of wants in the company are comfortable seats and excellent service. Moreover, demands are above wants. They include things that human wants and have ability and potential of buying. Some of the demands in the company include more legroom and LCD entertainment at every seat. The three concepts have an implication to the company. First, the company has to ensure that the client meets all the needs. Secondly, the company has to take care of wants in order to be competitive in the market. Lastly, the company needs to have a variety of things demanded so that customer can have choices in choosing their demands. Although this is a small firm, it is clear that the company aims in satisfying the customer to the fullest. In fact, the level of satisfaction can be deciphered from their company slogan â€Å"Happy Jetting.† The company also has some of the products that are not available to other competitors. The company also hires employees and train them based on company values. Therefore, what is being exchanged in the company is value and satisfaction customer for profit generation in the company. The production concept best applies to JetBlue. This is because the company focus is on provision quality services in attraction of customers. The application of the concept is seen through provision of excellent customer services. The company creates various values for its customers. One is through offering comfort to its customers. Second, the other is through offering of good customer service. An excellent service is provided by hiring right employees and training them on company core

The Poblem of People Having only Online Friends Essay

The Poblem of People Having only Online Friends - Essay Example According to the paper social anxiety disorders usually manifests as a persistent fear of social performance situations where a person is exposed to unfamiliar people. The individual sometimes fears that he might act in an embarrassing way and be humiliated in the process. In these instances, their exposure to social situations usually triggers their anxiety. As a result, such anxiety often manifests in their panic, crying, freezing or shrinking from social situations. The person afflicted with this disease is most often aware that his fears are exaggerated; however, he cannot control or manage such fears. As a result, these people avoid these social situations and veer away from situations which may cause them embarrassment. Their attempt at avoiding these embarrassing social situations often interferes with their lives and their normal academic, social, or professional activities. This essay highlights that the internet is often used by these individuals in order to acquire social interactions. They often find the internet a more comfortable place to meet and interact with other people. They find it a more comfortable setting because their fears in being embarrassed or humiliated do not exist in this setting. However, as a result, their moments of interaction become limited to the internet or online setting.